Z-Wave is a licensed proprietary standard, although the high-level protocol is documented publicly. ZigBee is an open standard, though you need to join the ZigBee alliance (for a fee), if you want to sell ZigBee devices. The various bands are mostly in the 700 MHz to 900 MHz range, so the statements about the 915 MHz North American band are generally applicable to other regions, too. Although 2.4 GHz is available worldwide, ZigBee's lower frequency band varies from one regulatory region to another. (The 2.4 GHz band does give higher bit rates, which is why WiFi lives there (and also uses the 5 GHz band), but most IoT devices don't need to transfer lots of data quickly, so the lower bandwidth of the 915 MHz band isn't a drawback.)ġ 915 MHz is only used in North America. They also don't go through walls as readily. That means that 2.4 GHz ZigBee devices are subject to more interference than 915 MHz Z-Wave and ZigBee devices. 1 2.4 GHz is a busy band it's where Wi-Fi and microwave ovens (among other things) operate. ZigBee can operate at either 2.4 GHz or 915 MHz. The fact that few other household devices use that band (now that 900 MHz cordless phones are less widespread) means there's also less interference. This gives it reasonable penetration of building materials (better than Wi-Fi) and good overall distance. Z-Wave operates within the 915 MHz ISM band. The first (as Eirik M noted) is the frequency on which they operate. There are a few things that really distinguish Z-Wave and ZigBee from each other.
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